Chaos-order is out of ancient greek mythology, or at least, that's the main place I've seen it, but I'm sure it's rooted in other religions as well. You also have, like, Hinduism and the whole life-death cycle -- the idea of destructive forces balancing out with creative forces.

I didn't mean to imply that yin-yang and chaos-order are the same thing, just that they come from similar schools of thought -- they both revolve around the idea that the universe (people, the gods, the weather, whatevs) is made up of opposing forces that balance each other out -- Western ideology, namely Judaism and its offspring, have a very different concept of the universe, one which doesn't revolve around finding balance so much as striving for perfection.